Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Black Tea Extract Mouthrinse and Chlorhexidine Mouthwash on Salivary Streptococcus Mutans Load

Background- Dental caries is one of the most frequent oral health problems. The present study shows the antibacterial effect of black tea extract on salivary Sterptococcus Mutans load. Materials & Methods- The study was conducted on 125 individuals. The differences in the Colony Forming Units and count-scores of S.mutans were analyzed in salivary samples collected from individuals before and after administration of 2% black tea extract mouth-rinse and chlorhexidine mouthwash(CM). Results- There was a statistical difference in mean salivary S. mutans colony count and mean count- score before and after administration of black tea extract mouth-rinse (p = 0.0003) and chlorhexidine mouthwash (p = 0.0002) respectively. Hence, it was found that there is no statistically significant difference in the fall of S.mutans load due to black tea mouth-rinse and chlorhexidine mouthwash. Conclusions- A 2% black tea extract mouth-rinse significantly reduces salivary S.mutans load, irrespective of age and gender. Also, it is an effective natural anti-cariogenic agent with no known implicated side effects.

Oral Submucous Fibrosis: Clinical Stage, Functional Stage, and Histopathological Grade Correlation

Background- Oral submucosal fibrosis (OSMF) is a common precancerous condition predominantly affecting the oral cavity. There are several contributing factors to its pathogenesis, areca nut chewing being the primary culprit. OSMF reversal is difficult once the disease sets in. Hence, after its diagnosis, staging becomes imperative as it affects the treatment plan. Several classification methods have been developed by various authors to categorize the disease based on its clinical, functional, and Histopathological characteristics. The main aim to conduct this study was to correlate clinical and histopathological staging. Materials & Methods- This study involved 30 patients who had been diagnosed with OSMF both Clinically and Histopathologically. All 30 patients were classified and were categorized according to their clinical and functional stages after inspection. Following this, histopathological grading was done. Results- The statistical analysis showed that there was a wide similarity between the clinical and functional staging. However, no significant similarity or correlation was found between the clinical and functional staging with its corresponding histopathological grades. Conclusions- Our study concluded that there is strong correlation between clinical and functional grading.

Optimization of cultural conditions for exopolysaccharides production by Frateuria aurentia.

The exopolysaccharides (EPS) producing ability was evaluated by nutritional defined media by the Frateuria aurentia was the highest yield EPS-producing strain, which was isolated from elephant dung in Srivilliputhur, Tamilnadu, India. It was identified as Frateuria aurentia with carbohydrate assimilation process and 16S rDNA gene sequencing. The favourable conditions for EPS yield by the microorganism growth in a chemically defined medium were tested with carbon, nitrogen, cultivation time, temperature, pH, hydrocarbon, surfactants, sodium chloride, metal ions and inoculums concentration in static and shaking conditions had the most significant influences. Among the various nutritional sources of interactive effects the maximum EPS production was recorded at pH 7.00 (1.431 ± 0.0096 OD); 30 C (1.661 ± 0.028 OD); Jaggery (1.185 ± 0.003 OD); ⁰ Tryptone (1.248 ± 0.011 OD); Ferric chloride (1.682 ± 0.022 OD); Glutamine (2.136 ± 0.067 OD); polyethyleneglycol (0.873 ± 0.041 OD); 2.5% NaCl (1.138 ± 0.023 OD); Neem oil (1.699 ± 0.176 OD); inoculum concentration 2.00% (1.625 ± 0.007 OD); The maximum EPS production was viewed at the 72hrs of incubation at static condition (1.58 ± 0.122 OD).

Use of gingival prosthesis mask for a periodontally compromised patient: a case report

Periodontal disease may lead to tooth and tissue loss that can result in esthetic problems. Combined periodontal/prosthodontic treatment for patients with advanced disease is well documented. This case report illustrates a method of treatment for an advanced tissue loss in an esthetic area using a removable heat-polymerized polymethylmethacrylate resin gingival prosthesis/mask

Diffuse hepatic hemangiomatosis: case report.

Hemangiomas of the liver are often incidental findings on routine abdominal ultrasonography. Majority are single and asymptomatic. We report a patient with diffuse hemangiomatosis of the liver who presented with thrombocytopenia and congestive cardiac failure.

Xanthelasma of esophagus and stomach.

Gastric xanthelasma, a benign condition, has been reported before; there has been no documentation of xanthelasma of the esophagus. We report a patient with xanthelasma of the stomach and esophagus.